Mathematicians develop new mathematical theories, methods, and models, or apply existing mathematical techniques to solve real-world problems in fields like engineering, finance, cryptography, and data science. Their work ranges from highly abstract theoretical research conducted in academia to applied problem-solving within government agencies, tech companies, and financial institutions.
| Entry level | $62,000 |
| Median | $112,000 |
| Senior | $145,000 |
| Top 10% | $180,000 |
| Job growth | +11% |
| Professionals in the USA | 0.03 million |
| Typical hours/week | 40 hrs |
| Remote work share | 35% |
| Annual job openings | 2,900/yr |
| Demand | Moderate |
AI and computational tools are transforming mathematics by automating routine calculations, symbolic manipulation, and even assisting in proof verification. However, the core work of formulating novel problems, developing theoretical frameworks, and applying deep conceptual reasoning remains firmly human-driven.
Automation exposure: Numerical computation, symbolic algebra, data cleaning, routine statistical analysis, and pattern detection in large datasets are increasingly automated through tools like Mathematica, MATLAB, and AI-assisted theorem provers.
The human edge: Mathematicians excel at creative problem formulation, intuition-driven conjecture, abstract reasoning across disciplines, and understanding the 'why' behind mathematical structures—areas where AI still lacks genuine insight and creativity.
Figures are estimates for exploration — verify current data with BLS.gov.